BENDING

S I M O N A Z Z I R E M O

Category
- Bending
Reading Time

7 minutes read

BENDING

Sheet metal bending tools: punches and dies

In the sheet metal bending process, the main mechanical tools used to act on the sheet metal are punches and dies. The choice and use of these tools are essential to achieve precise and repeatable bending.

Punches: Sheet metal deformation tools

Punches are devices used to deform sheet metal to the desired shape. Generally, they are cylindrical or conical tools that are pushed against the sheet metal to create a bend.

Positioning of punches

These tools are usually mounted on the press brake and can vary in shape and size depending on the specific application. Standard punches, often with an angle of 85-90 degrees, are designed to perform 90-degree bends. However, there are also U-shaped or roller punches for special bends.

Punch materials

Punches are made of strong materials such as steel to ensure durability and wear resistance. Some can be coated with materials such as tungsten carbide for greater durability.

Operation of punches

During bending, the punch is pushed against the sheet metal at a controlled speed, creating the desired bend. Once the desired bend angle is reached, the punch lifts, allowing the part to be removed from the press brake.

Matrices: essential complements to punches

Dies are the tools that work in synergy with punches to shape the sheet metal. These components, generally made of hardened steel, have a concave or flat shape, depending on the desired bend. When the sheet metal is placed between the punch and the die, the punch pushes the sheet metal into the die, deforming it as intended.

Types of Matrices

There are different types of dies, including V-, U- and block dies. V-shaped dies are the most common and are designed to create 90-degree bends. Choosing the right die depends on the specific bending requirements and the thickness of the sheet metal.

Objective: precision in sheet metal bending

Precision is one of the most important aspects in bending, as it guarantees the quality of the finished product. Accurate and repeatable bending requires a thorough knowledge of material properties, manufacturing tolerances and bending techniques. The technology used is crucial to achieving excellent quality in bending.

The end result also depends on the strength of the bent sheet. Bending can affect the strength and durability of the finished product, so it is crucial to select the right tools to ensure proper bending without compromising the material. In addition, the bend angle, bend radius and distance between bends are all key factors to consider.

The bend radius, in particular, increases with the diameter of the punch or the die opening. This means that by using a larger punch or a die with a larger aperture, a larger bending radius is achieved.

Several factors influence the shape and size of the final product, and the choice of tools and technologies must be made carefully to ensure the functionality and quality of the product.

In order to accurately manufacture a metal component, a metalworker must make many decisions and possess specific skills, starting with the laser cutting of sheet metal.